Wapaq, miskwedo, kärpässieni, fly agaric, (amanita muscaria), is a dissociative hallucinogenic basidiomycete mushroom, one of many in the genus Amanita. The desired effects primarily come from muscimol. Amanita muscaria is endemic to conifer and deciduous woodlands throughout the temperate and boreal regions of the Northerm Hemisphere, and forms symbiotic relationships with many trees, including pine, spruce, fir, birch and cedar. It was widely used by the indigenous peoples of Siberia, as well as the Sami people of northern Scandinavia. Traditional preparations typically make use of methods to reduce to negative effects of muscarine (which is similar in effect to nicotine), and to decarboxylate the ibotenic acid into muscimol through drying and/or toasting. Effects last 5 to 10 hours.